Image-projecting strip and process of producing same



A. MAKART April 16, 1929.

IMAGE PROJECTING STRIP AND PROCESS OF PRODUCING SAME Filed Jan. 4, 1923 Z'SheetS-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR W BY V (Q "m April 16, A MAKART. I IMAGE PROJECTING STRIP AND PROCESS. OF PRODUCING SAME Filed Jan. 4 .1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Y Y gmomtoz fiueus 7 MAW/71??) Patented Apr. 16, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' AUGUST MAKART, or VIENNA, AUSTRIA,- ASSIGNOR ro AUGUSTIN :r. ro-wnnsyor NEW YoRK, 1v. Y.

IMAGE-PROJECTING STRIP AND PROCESS OF PRODUCING SAME.

Application filed January 4, 1923. Serial No. 610,731.

The invention relates to a novel process of making or printing pictures orother designs or images on a translucent or transparent, that is, a light-transmitting,,carrier or carriers, such preferably as a strip consisting of celluloid, or properly prepared gelatine, for use with a stereoscope, or in a motion picture machine, or otherwise, and to the novel article or thing resulting from, or produced by,

the process.

The accompanying drawings, herein referred to and constituting a part hereof, illustrate one manner of carrying out certain steps of the process, and in connection with the description, serve to explain the principles thereof.

0f the drawings Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a step in making a negative;

Fig. 2. is a diagrammatic representation of the relation of the negative and plate during the exposure shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 represents certain preferred forms of stops;

Fig. 4 illustrates in perspective the appearance of the top and bottom of the projecting medium;

Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the finished article.

In certain of its features, the invention relates especially to the making or printing of the pictures or other images or designs upon the translucent or transparent, that is, light transmitting, strip or other medium in colors, and to the novel article or product resulting from the process.

The invention relates further to an improved processof color printing, and the mak ing of color printing plates, as the process while in some respects is especially adapted to making the translucent or transparent pictures is also useful for color printing and the making of color printing plates in other rela tions or for other purposes.

The invention, according to one of its features, comprises printing pictures or other images or designs directly upon the celluloid,

gelatine or other surface, object or stripv by means of printing directly thereon from a design bearing printing plate, or other like instrumentality by a pigmentous medium, as

for example, printing ink or other suitable medium or means applied to such plate:

Such printing may be done directly from a metal plate, as by a half-tone plate, a rotary photogravure or other intaglio plate,

or with an interposed ofiset surface or mem v her, or otherwise by the known or available means or instrumentalities of the art, as may be found necessary, convenient 0r advantageous. Ordinary printing inks of any desired kind may be used when desired for onecolor Work.

When printing in one color on the translucent or transparent medium, such as the celluloid strip for example, the iniage is strengthened, more especially in half-tone work, by treating or dusting the freshly impressed imprint with graphite powder or other suitable opaque powder or substance, to make the dots and other corresponding parts of the picture or design black or otherwise dense.

The graphite powder, or other equivalent substance, 1s dusted or otherwise suitably applied to the freshly printed film orthe like and then, in the case of powder, blown or shaken off. It will remain adherent on the different parts of the picture or design proportionately to the relative amount, or thickness or thinness, of the inkin the difierent parts of the picture.

If desired, the picture or other design can be printedin registry on both sides of the translucent or transparent strip. In such case also, it may be strengthened or inten-' sified on either or both sides by the application of the graphite powder or equivalent material. It will be obvious, of course, in such case, that one printing plate or like instrumentality, for printing 0n-one side of the light transmitting support, will be right hand and the one printing on the opposite side will, be left hand.

Tn the adaptation or employment of my invention in the making of color pictures or other images from "half-tone or intaglio or other plates, either directly-or by using the offset process, or otherwise, I print on the celluloid, or other translucent or transparent, strip or other material with transparent or translucent inks ofthe proper colors for use in superposition or over-printing in the usual manner. I usually employ the ordinary red, yellow and blue plates for three color work, and a black plate, or the like, therewith for four-color work. I 4

In such case, I preferably print on both sides of the celluloid strip, or the like, printing one or more colors on one side, and the remaining or complementary, or additional color .or colors, on the other side. Thus, I prefer to print the red and yellow colors on one side, and the blue, or the blue and the black on the opposite side. In this case also,

the plates for one side would be reversed or left-handed with respect to those for the other side of the strip or other picture receiving or bearing medium.

The printing can be done on a strip and where slides are desired, the strip can later be cut and attached to glass plates or other suitable carriers, or placed between two such plates. Where the projection is made from the strip or roll, clamps of suitable material, such as glass plates, openingand closing on the strip as it recurrently moves and stops may be employed. In the preferred manner of making the multi-color projectible strip or other instrumentality, the three color negatives (usually for the red, yellow and blue) are made in the known or usual manner in the special camera, side by side on a single plate, and are developed. The three color images, that is, the red, yellow and blue are then cut apart or separated from each other.

In making the printing plate therefrom, the negatives are preferably placed on a lightsensitive metal plate or the like, with the film side of the negatives in contact with the sensitive side of the plate at the three angles, that is 30 degrees and 36 degrees apart one from another, toward or in contact with the sensitized side of the plate. A half-tone screen is then placed on the negatives with the image bearing side preferably in contact therewith and the whole is arranged for exposure in a vacuum frame.

ment of the negatives 1 is diagrammatica This is shown diagrammatically in the drawings, wherein 1 represents the negative, and 2 represents the developed image-bearing film thereof. The plate is represented by 3 and the light-sensitive surface thereof by 4, while 5 represents the screen. The vacuum table top and bottom are represented by 6 and 7. In Fig. 2, the preferred arrangely shown, the negatives for the different colors being indicated by 1, 1 and 1.

The exposure is made preferably with a ow are, or other single point light, behind which light is preferably placed a reflector, as for example, a white Iplane reflector, and a stop is used in front 0 the light. In Fig. 1," the two electrodes of the light are represented by 9 and 10, the are being at 11, and the reflector being at 12. The stop or. aperture 13 is shown in the opaque sheet 14.

The apertures in the screen 5 are varied in 'both size and shape to suit the particular Wbrk. The size of the stop usually varies with the size of the screen figure in the screen. The shape of the stop is varied tomodify and control the degree of contrast or of softness desired in the plate relatively to the negative. In usual practice, the point of light at the carbon gives the dot on the plate, and the stop gives the connecting tones between the dots. In practical use steps of the form shown at 13 and 13 are found efiicient although the invention is not limited to any specific form of stop or theory as to the op eration thereof.

The plate after exposure is developed in the usual manner and the three color images, that is, the red, yellow and blue are cut apart and are used for printing with the correspondingly colored inks in super-position upon the translucent strip such as celluloid or gelatine or other suitable material. The process of printing or making the translucent strips, slides or the like may be as hereinbefore described.

As shown in Fig. 4, on one side of the light transmitting image projecting medium 15 the design in two of its colors is printed, herein shown by way of illustration as being a red portion 16 and a blue portion 17, with part of this surface unprinted. A complementary color, for example, yellow, is printed on the other side of the support 15, as shown at 18.

The finished article has the appearance shown in Fig. 5, in which the two opaque colors 16 and 17 are printed on one side of the medium and another or complementary color such as is indicated at 18 is printed on the other side of the medium.

It will be understood that the invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the particular manner herein described for carrying it out or embodying it, but that changes may be made therein without departing from the principles of the invention and without'sacrificing its chief advantages.

What I claim is 1. An image projecting medium comprising a light transmitting support, and an image de med thereon in opaque pigmentous medium in registry on both sides of said support in one color on one side thereof, and in another color on the other side.

2. An image projecting medium comprising a flexible light transmitting support, and an image defined thereon in opaque pigmentous medium in registry on both sides of said support, in one color on one side thereof, and in complementary colors on the other side.

3. The process of making an image proj ecting medium, which includes makin color negatives of an object, developing saicfnega tives, preparing from each negative a metallic image printing surface, inking each of said surfaces with an opaque colored pigmentous 4. The process of making an image projectin medium, which includes making three 00 or negatives of an object, developing said negatives, preparing from each negative a half tone image printing surface, inking each of said printing surfaces with complementary colored opaque ink, and printing said images in registry in one color on one side of a flexible light transmitting carrier, and in the two complementary colors on the other side of said carrier.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

AUGUST MAKART. 

